Störung des Zinkstoffwechsels bei Diabetes mellitus

Zusammenfassung

Als Bestandteil von mehr als tausend Proteinen hat Zink grundlegende und zahlreiche biologische Funktionen in Wachstum, Entwicklung und Stoffwechsel und ist damit eines der wichtigsten anorganischen Elemente des Lebens. In diesem Artikel weisen wir auf einen Zusammenhang zwischen Zinkstoffwechsel und Diabetes mellitus hin. Schwerpunkte unserer Betrachtung sind die Funktionen von Zink als Insulin-mimetische Substanz und in der Unterstützung des reduzierenden intrazellulären Milieus, das bei Diabetes durch oxidativen Stress gestört ist. Untersuchungen an Tier und Mensch belegen eine Störung des Zinkstoffwechsels bei Diabetes und vorbeugende sowie therapeutische Wirkungen von Zink; einen zuverlässigen klinischen Test, der es uns erlauben würde, Zinkmangelzustände zu erkennen, gibt es allerdings bislang nicht. Aussichten einer Therapie mit Zink und/oder Antioxidantien werden erörtert.

Summary

Zinc is one of the most important inorganic elements of life. Its biological functions in growth, development, and metabolism are based on its occurrence in at least one thousand zinc metalloproteins. Discoveries of insulin/zinc interactions, insulinomimetic effects of zinc, functions of zinc in controlling the cellular redox state, and oxidative stress in diabetes indicate specific roles of zinc in the pathobiochemistry of diabetes. A reliable clinical test to determine zinc deficiency states in diabetes is not available. Investigations in animals and humans support the conclusion that zinc metabolism is compromised in diabetes, and suggest preventive and therapeutic potentials of zinc and antioxidants.

Schlüsselwörter

Zink - Diabetes - Oxidativer Stress - Zufuhrempfehlungen

Key words

Zinc - diabetes - oxidative stress - recommended daily allowance (RDA)

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